Woman in purple sweater blowing her nose and wondering if she has bronchitis or pneumonia

Bronchitis vs. Pneumonia – What Is the Difference?

You are probably familiar with the common cold. This widespread and contagious respiratory infection affects the nose, sinuses, throat, and windpipe (trachea), leading to a runny nose, sore throat, and nagging cough. While there is no cure, the symptoms usually go away on their own within seven to 10 days. In the meantime, it is best to avoid close contact with others because colds spread easily.

If you have the common cold, you probably won’t need to see a physician for treatment. But sometimes a run-of-the-mill cold can progress into a more serious respiratory infection that affects the airways and lungs, such as bronchitis or pneumonia. Without the help of a medical provider, it can be challenging to know the difference because many of the symptoms are the same.

In general, if you have a cold that lingers for more than a few days, you should probably seek professional medical attention. At South Tampa Immediate Care in Tampa, Florida, you can see a Board-certified or Board-eligible physician without an appointment. We diagnose and treat a full range of non-life-threatening injuries and illnesses, including the common cold, bronchitis, and pneumonia. While these illnesses are similar in some ways, they are vastly different in others.

What Are the Key Differences Between Bronchitis and Pneumonia?

Both bronchitis and pneumonia can result from a viral, bacterial, or fungal infection in the respiratory system. The main difference, however, is the location of the infection.

Bronchitis is an irritation of the mucous membranes in the air tubes (bronchi) that lead from the trachea to the lungs. The irritation can damage the hair-like projections (cilia) that trap and remove the foreign particles from inhaled air. The cilia sweep the germs up to the nose or mouth, where they are coughed or sneezed out of the body. If the debris does not properly exit the body, however, mucus can build up in the airways. Usually, bronchitis symptoms develop slowly, beginning with a mild fever and dry cough that gradually progresses into a productive cough.

Pneumonia is an infection in the air sacs of one or both lungs, which can lead to inflammation and fluid buildup. This can cause difficulty breathing and interfere with the normal flow of essential oxygen to the blood. Pneumonia symptoms tend to strike suddenly. In addition to a dry or phlegmy cough, some people experience a high fever and sharp chest pain.

Although bronchitis and pneumonia share many symptoms, there are significant differences between the two conditions. First, while acute bronchitis usually resolves within a few weeks, pneumonia can be a more serious and longer-lasting illness, particularly in children, older adults, and individuals who are immunocompromised. Second, pneumonia can lead to life-threatening complications if bacteria from the lungs enter the bloodstream and infect other organs.

How Are Bronchitis and Pneumonia Diagnosed by Medical Professionals?

Differentiating between bronchitis and pneumonia can be challenging for a patient, and a correct diagnosis is essential to ensure appropriate treatment. When you come to South Tampa Immediate Care, you will be promptly seen by an experienced provider. During the diagnostic process, your provider will ask about your symptoms, perform a thorough physical examination, listen to your lungs with a stethoscope, and possibly order a chest X-ray to evaluate your airways and lungs. We perform X-rays on-site.

What Treatment Options Are Available for Bronchitis and Pneumonia?

In general, both bronchitis and pneumonia may be treated with:

  • Plenty of rest
  • Proper hydration
  • A course of antibiotics (for a bacterial infection)
  • Medication, such as a pain reliever, fever reducer, and/or cough suppressant

If we determine that you have pneumonia, we will carefully assess your health to determine if you should be hospitalized or if you can be safely treated at home.

Even with appropriate treatment, it can take some time to fully recover from pneumonia. Although some people feel well enough to return to their daily activities within a week, others feel wiped out for a month or longer. As you recover, you should limit your contact with others to avoid spreading the infection. You should also avoid airborne lung irritants, such as tobacco smoke, which can worsen your symptoms and prolong your illness.

Turn to South Tampa Immediate Care

If you have a lingering cold or possible bronchitis or pneumonia symptoms, you can confidently entrust your care to the proficient team at South Tampa Immediate Care. Visit our walk-in clinic at 602 S. Howard Ave. in Tampa, FL. You can also check in online if you like.